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Mládí (Youth)

About the Composer

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Leos Janácek

He is regarded today as one of the classic opera composers of the twentieth century, whose oeuvre renounces the opera of the nineteenth century to feature music-dramatic realism. He was well known earlier for his choir, chamber, and orchestral works and his collections of folk songs.

1854Born in Hukvaldy (Moravia) on July 3, the son of a teacher and cantor.
1866Chorister at the Augustinian abbey in Brno; music lessons with Pavel Křížkovský, attends the German primary school.
1869–72Education at the Slavic Teacher’s Institute, then teacher and choir director in Brno.
1874–75Studies at the Prague organ school.
1877Suite for Strings.
1879–80Studies at the Leipzig Conservatory and in 1880 at the Vienna Conservatory, composes instrumental works.
1881Founds an organ school in Brno, which he directs himself.
1884–88Reviews of opera performances at the newly opened theater in Brno.
1887Beginning of his first operatic composition, “Šárka.”
1890/1899/1901Publication of folksong collections.
1904Premiere in Brno of the opera “Jenůfa,” which brings him great acclaim and is his most important opera; it treats the problem of the freedom of the individual within the confines of a village community and is regarded as a work of realism.
after 1905He primarily composes operas drawn from the model of “Jenůfa”: in 1903–07 “Osud” (Fate), “The Excursions of Mr. Brouček” (1908–1920), “Káťa Kabanová” (1920–1921), “The Cunning Little Vixen” (1922–1924), “The Makropulos Case” (1923–1925), “From the House of the Dead” (1927/28) in Brno.
1926Sinfonietta; Concertino for piano, two violins, viola, clarinet, French horn, and bassoon; sketches for the violin concerto “The Wandering of a Poor Soul.”
1928Death in Moravská Ostrava (Moravian Ostrava) on August 12.

© 2003, 2010 Philipp Reclam jun. GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart

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Schweizer Musikzeitung, 2016

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