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String Quartet

作曲家について

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Claude Debussy

Most important French composer around 1900, whose music, primarily characterized by its sound, exhibits profound innovations. His oeuvre bears a close relationship to Symbolism.

1862Born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye on August 22.
1872–84Studies at the Conservatoire de Paris. During this time, he travels with the family of Nadezhda von Meck to Switzerland, Italy, Vienna, and Russia, where he becomes acquainted with Russian and Gypsy music.
1884Wins the Prix de Rome with his cantata “L’Enfant prodigue.” Thereafter resides in Rome until 1887.
1887–89Songs, “Cinq Poèmes de Baudelaire.”
1888/89Visit to the Bayreuth Festival; criticism of Wagner.
1889Exposition universelle (World Exposition) in Paris, where he learns about East Asian music, which influences his style.
1890Connection to Mallarmé and his circle.
1891/1903Series of songs, “Fêtes galantes,” after Verlaine.
1891–94Orchestral work “Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune” (“Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun”) with arabesque-like melodies.
1897–99Nocturnes for orchestra and women’s voices.
1901Beginning of his activity as a music critic.
1902Performance of the opera “Pelléas et Mélisande” after the Symbolist drama by Maeterlinck, which despite criticism spells his breakthrough.
1903–05Orchestral work “La Mer” uses symphonic principles and “Impressionist” tonal language.
1905–07Books one and two of “Images” for piano.
1906–08“Children’s Corner,” children’s pieces for piano.
1909–10/11–1913 Books one and two of the “Préludes” for piano; the programmatic titles of these character pieces, some of which are quite esoteric, are listed at the end of each one.
1913Songs “Trois poèmes de Stéphane Mallarmé.”
1915–17Chamber music sonatas, drawing from the French tradition of the eighteenth century.
1918Death in Paris on March 25.

© 2003, 2010 Philipp Reclam jun. GmbH & Co. KG, Stuttgart

校訂者や運指担当者について

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Ulrich Krämer (校訂)

Dr. Ulrich Krämer, born in 1961 in Bielefeld, is Head of the Research Centre at the Arnold Schönberg Complete Edition in Berlin. He read musicology and German in Hamburg and Bloomington and wrote his doctoral thesis under the supervision of Rudolf Stephan on Alban Berg as a pupil of Arnold Schönberg.

In addition to his editorial work, he has been a lecturer at the Hochschule für Musik “Hanns Eisler” and at the Berlin University of the Arts, as well as “Visiting Scholar” at the Graduate Center at the City University New York. Alongside the volumes he has prepared for the Schönberg Complete Edition (including the score of the Gurre Lieder which was awarded the Deutsche Musikeditionspreis), his scholarly publications include editions of Alban Berg’s student compositions and Theodor W. Adorno’s compositions found in his estate, as well as essays and articles on Brahms, Berg, Schönberg, Ravel and Astor Piazzolla.

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